What is a Microcontroller?
In addition to a microprocessor associations, the structure that emerges with the spread of peripheral units that use common memory areas and get away with attackers is called a microcontroller. Microcontrollers, which are designed for use in applications requiring control technology, are much simpler and cheaper than microprocessors.
These devices are optimized for both processing functionality and embedded applications that require agile, responsive interaction with digital, analog or electromechanical components.
What is Microprocessor?
A microprocessor is a programmable digital electronic component that combines the functions of the processor main processing unit (CPU) into a single semiconductor whole circuit (IC).The microprocessor was born by reducing the word size in the main processing unit from 32 bits to 4 bits. Thus, the transistors of the logic circuits of the main processing unit were able to fit into a single piece.One or more microprocessors typically serve as the main processing unit in a computer system, embedded system, or mobile device.
Differences Between Microcontroller and Microprocessor
A microprocessor consists of only one Central Processing Unit (CPU), while a microcontroller contains a CPU, Memory, I/O, all integrated into a single chip.
Microprocessor is used in computers while microcontroller is used in an embedded system.Microprocessor uses an external bus to interface to RAM, ROM and other peripherals whereas Microcontroller uses an internal control bus.Microprocessors are based on Von Neumann model Microcontrollers are based on Harvard architecture.Microprocessor is complex and expensive with a large number of processes to produce, but microcontroller is cheap and simple with fewer processes to manufacture.The main difference between Microprocessor and Microcontroller is that Microprocessor consists of only one Central Processing Unit whereas Microcontroller contains a CPU, Memory, I/O all integrated in a single chip.Both of these choices are good. However, which one we should use depends on its requirements. Microcontrollers are mostly used for washing machines, cameras, security alarms, keyboard controllers, etc. Microprocessor is used in Personal Computers, complex industrial controllers, traffic lights, defense systems etc. used.
What Do Microcontrollers Do?
The use of the microprocessor and the design of the microprocessor system are both more expensive and more complex than the microcontroller system. In order for a system with a microcontroller to work, it is sufficient to have the element itself and an oscillation source. The cache and I/O unit needed by the microcontroller are contained in a chip. However, in a microprocessor system, the cache resides externally.
Microcontroller Architectures
- Von Neuman Architecture
- Program codes (commands) and data are the same
taken from the memory unit in a single path and sent to the processor.
is brought.
- First the command is brought, then the data is received.
processed.
- There are delays in this architecture.
- Harvard Architecture
- Program codes and data are accessed in separate ways.
- It works faster.
- This architecture is generally preferred in microcontrollers.
Microcontrollers on the Market
over the entire circuit; memory, input/output systems enable these processors to be used in many applications, directly as embedded (standalone), for control purposes with much simpler and cheaper interface techniques than microprocessors.
- BeagleBone Black
- Raspberry Pi 2 Model B
- Arduino Mega 2560
- Arduino Nano
- STM32 Discovery
- MSP 430 Launchpad
- Nanode Winode 4
- EFM32 Dev Gecko Starter Kit, Energy micro
- Parallela Micro ServerBoard
- PIC 16F877
Microcontrollers in Robotics
Microcontrollers are used in television, radio, automobile, mobile phone, computer, hobby electronics and many more areas. The biggest usage areas are embedded systems. Microcontrollers, which are used in electronic circuits to operate not manually but according to commands in a certain cycle, are also frequently used in robotic studies.
As Orbiba Robotics, it is important to choose the best microcontroller and produce our own control cards so that they can be used in the projects we will do. It is aimed that the products made with these control cards produced for users are usable, affordable and high quality.
CTO-Chief Technology Officer MURAT CAN DEMİRAL Resourceshttps://www.ozgurakin.com.tr/download/5-Mikroislemciler_ve_Mikrodenetleyiciler.pdf
https://devreyakan.com/mikroislemci-ve-mikrodenetleyici-arasindaki-farklar/
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroi%C5%9Flemci
http://www.aydiner.gen.tr/index.php/arduino-uno/
http://www.baskent.edu.tr/~btezcan/courses/EEM332/MIKRODENETLEYICILER.pdf
